०१. तपःस्वाध्यायेश्वरप्रणिधानानि क्रियायोगः ।
1. TAPAH SVAADHAYAAYA EESHWARA PRANIDHAANAANI KRIYAAYOGA
TAPAH: asceticism; austerity SVAADHAYAAYA; self-study; study which leads to the knowledge of the self through Japa EESHVARAPRANIDHAANAANI: (and) self-surrender, or resignation to God KRIYAAYOGA; preliminary (practical) Yoga.
Austerity, self-study and resignation to Ishvara constitute preliminary Yoga.
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०२. समाधिभावनार्थः क्लेशतनूकरणार्थश्च ।
2. SAMAADHI BHAVANAARTHAH KLESHA TANOOKARANAARTHASH
SAMAADHI: trance BHAAVANAARTHAH: for bringing about KLESHA afflictions TANOOKARANAARTHASH: for reducing; for making attenuated CHA: and.
(Kriyaa-Yoga) is practiced for attenuating Kleshas and bringing about Samaadhi.
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०३. अविद्यास्मितारागद्वेषाभिनिवेशाः क्लेशाः ।
3. AVIDYA ASMITA RAAGA DVESHAA ABHI-NIVESHAA KLESHAAH
AVIDYA: ignorance; lack of awareness; illusion ASMITA: I-am-ness egoism RAAGA: attraction; liking DVESHAA: repulsion; dislike ABHI-NIVESHAA (and) clinging (to life); fear of death KLESHAAH: pains; afflictions; miseries; causes of pain.
The lack of awareness of reality, the sense of egoism or 'i-am-ness', attractions and repulsion to wards objects and the strong desire for life are the great afflictions or causes of all miseries in life.
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०४. अविद्या क्षेत्रम् उत्तरेषां प्रसुप्ततनुविच्छिन्नोदाराणाम् ।
4. AVIDYA KHSETRAM UTTRESHAAM PRASOOPTA VICHCHHINO UDAA-RAANAM
AVIDYA: ignorance or lack of awareness of reality KHSETRAM: fields; source UTTRESHAAM: of the following ones PRASOOPTA: (of) dormant; sleeping; TANU: attenuated; thin VICHCHHINNO: scattered; dispersed; alternating UDAA-RAANAAM: (and) expanded; fully operative.
Avidyaa is the source of those that are mentioned after it, whether they be in the dormant, attenuated, alternating or expanded condition.
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०५. अनित्याशुचिदुःखानात्मसु नित्यशुचिसुखात्मख्यातिरविद्या ।
5. ANITYA ASHUCHI DUHKHA ANAATMASU NITYA SHUCH SUKH AATMA KHYAATIR AVIDYAA
ANITYA: (of) non-eternal ASHUCHI: impure DUHKHA: misery; pain; evil ANAATMASU: (and) non-Aatman; not -self NITYA: eternal SHUCHI: pure SUKH: happiness; pleasure; good AATMA: (and) Self KHYAATIR: knowledge; consciousness, (taking) AVIDYAA: ignorance.
Avidyaa is taking the non-eternal, impure, evil and non-Aatman to be eternal, pure, good and Aatman respectively.
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०६. दृग्दर्शनशक्त्योरेकात्मतेवास्मिता ।
6. DRIG DARSHANASHATYOR EKAATMATTAA EVA ASMITAA
DRIG: (of) power of consciousness; seer; purusha DARSHANASHATYOR: (and) power of seeing; cognition; buddhi EKAATMATAA: identity; blending together EVA: as if ASMITAA: I-am-ness
Asmitaa is the identity or blending together, as it were, of the power of consciousness (Purusha) with the power of cognition (Buddhi).
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०७. सुखानुशयी रागः ।
7. SUKH ANUSHAYEE RAAGAH
SUKH: pleasure; happiness ANUSHAYEE: accompanying; resulting (from) RAAGAH: attraction; liking.
That attraction, which accompanies pleasure, is Raaga.
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०८. दुःखानुशयी द्वेषः ।
8. DUHKH ANUSHAYEE DVESHAH
DUHKH: pain ANUSHAYEE: accompanying; resulting (from); DVESHAH: repulsion.
That repulsion which accompanies pain is Dvesha.
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०९. स्वरसवाही विदुषोऽपि तथारूढो भिनिवेशः ।
9. SWARASAVAAHEE VIDUSHO TATHAA ROODHO ABHINIVESHAH
SVARASAVAAHEE: sustained by its own forces; flowing on automatically VIDUSHO: the learned (or wise) API: even TATHAA: in that way ROODHO: riding; dominating ABHINIVESHAH: great fear of death; strong desire for life; thorough infiltration (of the mind); will-to-live.
Abhinivesha is the strong desire for life which dominates even the learned (or the wise).
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१०. ते प्रतिप्रसवहेयाः सूक्ष्माः ।
10. TE PRATIPRADAVA HEYAAH SOOSHMAAH
TE: they PRATIPRADAVA:A: re-absorption; re-mergence; resolution into respective cause or origin HEYAAH: capable of being reduced or avoided or abolished SOOSHMAAH: subtle.
These, the subtle ones, can be reduced by resolving them backward into their origin.
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११. ध्यानहेयास्तद्वृत्तयः ।
11. DHYAANA HEYAA TADVRITTYAH
DHYAANA: (by) meditation HEYAA: (kleshas which are) to avoided TADVRITTYAH: their modifications; ways of existing; activities.
Their active modifications are to be suppressed by meditation.
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१२. क्लेशमूलः कर्माशयो दृष्टादृष्टजन्मवेदनीयः ।
12. KLESHAMOOLAH KARMAASHAYO DRISTA ADRISTA JANMA VIDDNEEYAH
KLESHAMOOLAH: rooted in Kleshas KARMAASHAYO: reservoir of Karmas; the vehicle of the seeds of Karma DRISTA: seen; present ADRISTA: unseen; future JANMA: lives VDDNEEYAH: to be known; to be experienced.
The reservoir of Karmas which are rooted in Kleshas birngs all kinds of experiences in the present and future lives.
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१३. सति मूले तद्विपाको जात्यायुर्भोगाः ।
13. SATIMOOLE TAD VIPAAKO JAATYA AYUR BHOGAAH
SATI MOOLE: there being the root TAD: (of) it (Karmaashaya) VIPAAKO: fruition; ripening JAATYA: class AYUR: (span of) life BHOGAAH: (and) experiences.
As long as the root is there it must ripen and result in lives of different class, length and experiences.
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१४. ते ह्लादपरितापफलाः पुण्यापुण्यहेतुत्वात् ।
14. TE HLAADA PARITAAPA PHALAAH PUNYA APUNYA HETUTVAAT
TE: they HLAADA: joy PARITAAPA: (and) sorrow PHALAAH: (having for their) fruit PUNYA: merit as opposed to sin or demerit APUNYA: demerit; sin (punya and apunya are the assets and liabilities super-physically registered in the soul) HETUTVAAT: being caused by; on account of.
They have joy or sorrow for their fruit according to their cause is virtue or vice.
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१५. परिणामतापसंस्कारदुःखैर्गुणवृत्तिविरोधाच् च दुःखम् एव सर्वं विवेकिनः ।
15. PARINAAMA TAAP SANSKAAR DUHKHAIR GUNA VRITTI VIRODHACH DUHKHAM EVA VIVEKINAH
PARINAAMA (on account of) change TAAP: acute anxiety; suffering SANSKAAR: impression; stamping with a tendency DUHKHAIR: pains (three causes mentioned above) GUNA: (between the three) Gunas VRITTI: (and) modification (of the mind) VIRODHACH: on account of opposition or conflict CHA: and DUHKHAM: (is) pain; misery EVA: only VIVEKINAH: to the enlightened; to the person who has developed discrimination.
To the people who have developed discrimination all is misery on account of the pains resulting from change, anxiety and tendencies, as also on account of the conflicts between the functioning of the Gunas and the Vrittis (of the mind).
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१६. हेयं दुःखम् अनागतम् ।
16. HEYAM DUHKHAM ANAAGATAM
HEYAM: to be avoided DUHKAM: misery ANAAGATAM: not yet come; in future.
The misery which is not yet come can and is to be avoided.
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१७. द्रष्टृदृश्ययोः संयोगो हेयहेतुः ।
17. DRASHTRI TRISHYAYOH SAMYOGO HEYA HETUH
DRASHTRI: (of) Seer; (Purusha) TRISHYAYOH: (and) Seen; Prakriti) SAMYOGO: union; association HEYA: (of) that which is to be avoided HETUH: cause.
The cause of that which is to be avoided is the union of the Seer and the Seen.
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१८. प्रकाशक्रियास्थितिशीलं भूतेन्द्रियात्मकं भोगापवर्गार्थं दृश्यम् ।
18. PRAKASHA KRIYA STHITI SHEELAM BHOOT ENDRIYA ATMAKAM BHOGA APAVARGA ARTHAM DRISHYAM
PRAKASHA: (of) luminosity; light; cognition; consciousness of KRIYA: activity STHITI: stability SHEELAM: having properties or qualities BHOOT: elements ENDRIYA: sense-organs ATMAKAM: being of the nature BHOGA: experience APAVARGA: and liberation ARTHAM: for the sake of ; with the purpose of DRISHYAM: (is) the Seen (Prakriti).
The Seen (objective side of manifestation) consists of the elements and sense-organs, is of the nature of cognition, activity and stability (Sattva, Rajas and Tamas) and has for its purpose ( providing the Purusha) experience and liberation.
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१९. विशेषाविशेषलिङ्गमात्रालिङ्गानि गुणपर्वाणि ।
19. VISHESHA AVISHESHA LINGAMAATRA ALINGAANI GUNA PARVAANI
VISHESHA: particular; specific AVISHESHA: non--specific; archetypal; universal LINGAMAATRA: a mere mark ALINGAANI: (and) without mark or differentiating characteristic GUNA: (of) the Gunas PARVAANI: stages of development; states.
The stages of the Gunas are the particular, the universal, the differentiated and the undifferentiated.
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२०. द्रष्टा दृशिमात्रः शुद्धोऽपि प्रत्ययानुपश्यः ।
20. DRASHTAA DRISHIMAATRAH SHUDDHO PRATYAYA ANUPASHAYAH
DRASHTAA: Seer; Purusha DRISHIMAATRAH: pure consciousness only; pure awareness only SHUDDHO: pure API: though PRATYAYA: concept; content of the mind ANUPASHAYAH: appears to see along with.
The Seer is pure consciousness but though pure, appears to see through the mind.
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२१. तदर्थ एव दृश्यस्यात्मा ।
21. TADARTHA EVA DRISHYASYA ATMAA
TADARTHA: (intended) for the sake of that (the Seer) EVA: alone DRISHYASYA: of the seen (Prakriti) ATMAA: (being) nature.
The very being of the Seen is for his sake (i.e. Prakriti exists only of his sake).
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२२. कृतार्थं प्रति नष्टम् अप्यनष्टं तदन्यसाधारणत्वात् ।
22. KRITAARTHAM PRATI NASHTAM APY ANASHTAM TAD ANYA SAADHARANATVAAT
KRITAARTHAM (one) whose purpose has been fulfilled PRATI: for; to NASHTAM: destroyed; non-existent APY: although ANASHTAM: not destroyed; existent TAD: (than) that ANYA: to others SAADHARANATVAAT: on account of being common.
Although it becomes non-existent for him whose purpose has been fulfilled it continues to exist for others on account of being common to others (besides him).
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२३. स्वस्वामिशक्त्योः स्वरूपोपलब्धिहेतुः संयोगः ।
23. SVA SVAAMI SHAKTYOH SWAROOP APALABDHI HETUH SMAYOGAH
SVA: (of) it (Prakriti) SVAAMI: (and) of the master (Purusha) SHAKTYOH: of the (two) powers SVAROOP: own form; real or essential nature APALABDHI: experiencing; knowledge HETUH: cause; reason; purpose SAMYOGAH: union; coming together.
The purpose of the coming together of the Pursha and Prakriti is gaining by the Purusha of the awareness of his true nature and the unfoldment of powers inherent in him and Prakriti.
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२४. तस्य हेतुरविद्या ।
24. TASYA HETUR AVIDYAA
TASYA: (of the union) HETUR: (effective) cause AVIDYAA: ignorance; lack of awareness of his Real Nature.
Its cause is the lack of awareness of his Real nature.
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२५. तदभावात् संयोगाभावो हानं . तद्दृशेः कैवल्यम् ।
25. TAD ABHAAVAAT SAMYOGA ABHAAVO HAANAM TAD DRISHEH KAIVALYAM
TAD: (of) that (Avidya) ABHAAVAAT: from absence or elimination SAMYOGA: (of) union; association ABHAAVO: disappearance HAANAM: (is) avoiding; remedy: TAD: that DRISHEH: of the Seer KAIVALYAM: (is) isolation; separation from everything (Liberation).
The dissociation of Pursha and Prakriti brought about by the dispersion of Avidyaa is the real remedy and that is the Liberation of the Seer.
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२६. विवेकख्यातिरविप्लवा हानोपायः ।
26.VIVEKA-KHYAATRI AVIPLAVAA HAANOPAAYAH
VIVEKA-KHYAATIR: discriminative cognition; awareness of the distinction between the Self and the Not-Self; awareness of Reality AVIPLAVAA: unbroken; unfluctuating; unfailing; incessant HAANOPAAYAH: the means of avoidance; the means of abolition; remedy the means of dispersion.
The uninterrupted practice of the awareness of the Real is the means of dispersion (of Avidyaa).
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२७. तस्य सप्तधा प्रान्तभूमिः प्रज्ञा ।
27. TASYA SAPTADHAA PRAANTA-BHOOMIH PRAJYNAA
TASYA: (his) Purusha's) SAPTADHAA: sevenfold PRAANTA-BHOOMIH: a definite stage; step; layer; 'bordering' province PRAJYNAA: the cognitive consciousness.
In his case the highest stage of Enlightenment is reached by seven stages.
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२८. योगाङ्गानुष्ठानाद् अशुद्धिक्षये ज्ञानदीप्तिरा विवेकख्यातेः ।
28. YOGAANGA ANUSHTHAANAAD ASHUDDHI KSAYE JYNAANA DEEPTIR AAVIVEKAKH YAATEH
YOGAANGA: (of) component parts of Yoga; (exercise) or steps of Yoga ANUSHTHAANAAD: by practice or following ASHUDDHI: of impurity KSAYE: on the destruction (the idea is of gradual diminishing) JYNAANA: knowledge (spiritual knowledge) DEEPTIR: shining forth; radiance AAVIVEKAKHYAATEH: till awareness which develops into awareness of Reality or discriminative knowledge (arises).
From the practice of the component exercises of Yoga, on the destruction of impurity, arises spiritual illumination which develops into awareness of Reality.
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२९. यमनियमासनप्राणायामप्रत्याहारधारणाध्यानसमाधयोऽष्टाव अङ्गानि ।
29. YAMA NIYAM AASANA PRAANAAYAAMA PRATYAAHAARA DHAARANAA DHYAANA DHAARANAA DHYAANA DHAARANAA DHYAANA SAMAADHAYO ASHTAAV ANGAANI
YAMA: Self-restraints; vows of abstention NIYAM: fixed observances; binding rules which must be observed AASANA: posture PRAANAAYAAMA: regulation of breath PRATYAAHAARA: abstraction DHAARANAA: concentration; holding on to one idea or object in mind or by the mind DHYAANA: meditation; contemplation ('con-templa-tion' which means working out an area, a templum for observation fits in with the definition of DHAARANAA: in the text and con-centration which means confining to a centre fits in with the definition of DHYAANA: as given in the text. Yet, on the whole, considering the conventional uses of the two words it seems best to render DHAARANAA: by concentration and DHYAANA: by contemplation SAMAADHAYO: (and) trance ASHTAAV: (are) the eight ANGAANI: limbs; constituent parts.
Self-restraints, fixed observances, posture, regulation of breath, abstraction, concentration, contemplation, trance are the eight parts (of the self-discipline of Yoga)
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३०. अहिंसासत्यास्तेयब्रह्मचर्यापरिग्रहा यमाः ।
30. AHIMSAA SATYA ASTEYA BRAHMACHARYA APARI-GRIHAA YAMAAH
AHIMSAA: non-violence; harmlessness SATYA: truthfulness ASTEYA: honesty; non -misappropriativeness BRAHMACHARYA: sexual continence APARI-GRIHAA (and) non-possessiveness; no-acquisitiveness YAMAAH: (are) self-restraints; vows of abstention.
Vows of self-restraint comprise abstention from violence, falsehood, theft, incontinence and acquisitiveness.
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३१. जातिदेशकालसमयानवच्छिन्नाः सार्वभौमा महाव्रतम् ।
31. JAATI DESH KAALA ANAVACHCHHINNAAH SAARVABHAUMAAH MAHAA-ANAVACHCHHINNAH SAARVABHAUMAAH MAHAA-VRATAM
JAATI: (by) class; birth-type DESH: place KAALA: time SAMAYA: (and) occasion; circumstance;condition ANAVACHCHHINNAAH: not-limited; qualified or conditioned SAARVABHAUMAAH: extending or applying to all stages MAHAA-VRATAM: the Great Vow.
These (the five vows), not conditioned by class, place, time or occasion and extending to all stages constitute the Great Vow.
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३२. शौचसंतोषतपःस्वाध्यायेश्वरप्रणिधानानि नियमाः ।
32. SHOUCHA SAMTOSHA TAPAH SVAADHYAA YESHVARA PRANIDHAANAANI NIYAAMAAH
SHOUCHA: cleanliness SAMTOSHA: contentment TAPAH: austerity SVAADHYAA: self-study; study which leads to knowledge of the Self YESHVARA PRANIDHAANAANI: (and) self-surrender; resignation to God NIYAAMAAH: (fixed) observances.
Purity, contentment austerity, self-study and self-surrender constitute observances.
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३३. वितर्कबाधने प्रतिपक्षभावनम् ।
33. VITARKA BAADHANE PRATIPAKSA BHAUVANAM
VITARKA: evil thoughts; evil passions BAADHANE: on oppression by; on disturbance by PRATIPAKSA: the opposites BHAUVANAM: dwelling (in mind) on; (constant) pondering over.
When the mind is disturbed by improper thoughts constant pondering over the opposites (is the remedy).
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३४. वितर्का हिंसादयः कृतकारितानुमोदिता लोभक्रोधमोहपूर्वका मृदुमध्याधिमात्रा दुःखाज्ञानानन्तफला इति प्रतिपक्षभावनम् ।
34. VITARKA HIMSAADAYAH KRITA KAARITA ANUMODITAA LOBHA KRODA MOHA POORVAKAA MRIDU MADHYA ADHIMAATRAA DUHKHA AJYNAANA ANANTA PHALAA PRATIPAKSA BHAVANAM
VITARKA: Evil or improper thoughts and emotions HIMSAADAYAH: (of) violence, etc. KRITA: done by self KAARITA: done through others ANUMODITAA: (and) abetted; approved LOBHA: greed; avarice KRODA: anger MOHA: confusion; delusion POORVAKAA: preceded by; caused by MRIDU: mild MADHYA: medium ADHIMAATRAA: (and) intense DUHKHA: pain; misery AJYNAANA: ignorance ANANTA: endless PHALAA: fruit; result ITI: thus; so; in this way PRATIPAKSA: (on) the opposites BHAVANAM: dwelling in mind.
As improper thoughts, emotions (and actions) such as those of violence etc., whether they are done (indulged in), caused to be done or abetted, whether caused by greed, anger or delusion, whether present in mild, medium or intense degree, result in endless pain and ignorance; so there is the necessity of pondering over the opposites.
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३५. अहिंसाप्रतिष्ठायां तत्सन्निधौ वैरत्यागः ।
35. AHIMSAA PRATISHTHAMYAAM SAMNIDHAU VAIRA TYAAGAH
AHIMSAA: (in) non-violence PRATISHTHAMYAAM: on being firmly established TAT- SAMNIDHAU: in his (Yogi's) vicinity VAIRA: of hostility TYAAGAH: abandonment.
On being firmly established in non-violence there is abandonment of hostility in (his) presence.
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३६. सत्यप्रतिष्ठायां क्रियाफलाश्रयत्वम् ।
36. SATYA PRATISHATHAYAAM KRIYAA PHAL AASRAYAVATVAM
SATYA: (in) truthfulness PRATISHTHAYAAM: on being firmly established KRIYAA: (of) action PHAL: fruit; result AASRAYAVATVAM: state of being a substratum.
On being firmly established in truthfulness fruit (of action) rests on action (of the Yogi) only.
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३७. अस्तेयप्रतिष्ठायां सर्वरत्नोपस्थानम् ।
37. ASTEYA PRATISHTHAAYAM RATNA OPASTHAAANAM
ASTEYA: (in) honesty; non-mis-appropriativeness PRATISHTHAAYAAM: on being firmly established SARVA: (of) all RATNA: gems; precious things OPASTHAANAM: self-presentation; coming up.
On being firmly established in honesty all kinds of gems present themselves (before the Yogi).
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३८. ब्रह्मचर्यप्रतिष्ठायां वीर्यलाभः ।
38. BRAHMACHARYA PRATISHTHAAYAAM VEERYA LAABHAH-BRAHMACHARYA PRATISHTHAAYAAM VEERYA LAABHAH
BRAHMACHARYA: sexual continence PRATISHTHAAYAAM: on being firmly established VEERYA: (of) vigour; energy LAABHAH: gain.
On being firmly established in sexual continence vigour (is) good.
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३९. अपरिग्रहस्थैर्ये जन्मकथंतासंबोधः ।
39. APARIGRAHA STHAIRYE JANAM KATHAMTAA SAMBODHAH
APARIGRAHA: (in) non-possessiveness STHAIRYE: on becoming steady or confirmed JANAM: (of) birth KATHAMTAA: (of) the 'how' and 'wherefore' SAMBODHAH: knowledge.
Non-possessiveness being confirmed there arises knowledge of the 'how' and 'wherefore' of existence.
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४०. शौचात् स्वाङ्गजुगुप्सा परैरसंसर्गः ।
40. SHOUTCHAAT SVAANGA JUGUPSAA PARAIR ASAMSARGAH
SHOUCHAAT: from purity SVAANGA: (with) one's limbs, i.e. body JUGUPSAA: disgust PARAIR: with others ASAMSARGAH: non-contact; non-intercourse.
From physical purity (arises) disgust for one's own body and disinclination to come in physical contact with others.
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४१. सत्त्वशुद्धिसौमनस्यैकाग्र्येन्द्रियजयात्मदर्शनयोग्यत्वानि च ।
41. SATTVASHUDDHI SAUMANASYA YAIKAAGRYE INDRAYAJAYA AATMADARSHANA YOGYATVAANI CHA
SATTVASHUDDHI: purity of Sattva; purity of Antah-karana SAUMANASYA: cheerful-mindedness YAIKAAGRYE: one-pointedness; fixity of attention INDRAYAJAYA: control of the senses AATMADARSHANA: vision of the Self or Aatmaa YOGYATVAANI: (and) fitness for CHA: and; also (follow).
From mental purity (arises) purity of Sattva, cheerful-mindedness, one-pointedness, control of the senses and fitness for the vision of the Self.
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४२. संतोषाद् अनुत्तमः सुखलाभः ।
42. SANTOSHAD ANUTTAMAH SUKH LAABAH
SANTOSHAD: from contentment ANUTTAMAH: unexcelled; unsurpassed SUKH: (of) happiness LAABHAH: gain.
Superlative happiness from contentment.
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४३. कायेन्द्रियसिद्धिरशुद्धिक्षयात् तपसः ।
43. KAAYA ENDRIYA SIDDHIR ASHUDDHI KSAYAAT TAPAH
KAAYA: The body ENDRIYA: sense-organs SIDDHIR: occult powers; perfection ASHUDDHI: impurity KSAYAAT: on (gradual) destruction TAPAH: from austerities.
Perfection of the sense-organs and body after destruction of impurity by austerities.
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४४. स्वाध्यायाद् इष्टदेवतासंप्रयोगः ।
44. SVAADHYAAYAAD ISHTADEVATAA SAMPRAYOGAH
SVAADHYAAYAAD: from self-study (the study which leads to knowledge of the Self) ISHTADEVATAA: (with) the desired deity SAMPRAYOGAH: union or communion; coming in touch.
By (or from) self-study union with the desired deity.
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४५. समाधिसिद्धिरीश्वरप्रणिधानात् ।
45. SAMAADHI SIDDHIR ISHWARA PRANIDHAAANAAT
SAMAADHI: trance SIDDHIR: success; accomplishment; perfection ISHVARA: (to) God PRANIDHAANAAT: from self-surrender; from resignation.
Accomplishment of Samaadhi from resignation to God.
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४६. स्थिरसुखम् आसनम् ।
46. STHIRA SUKHAM AASANAM
STHIRA: steady SUKHAM: (and) comfortable AASANAM: posture.
Posture (should be) steady and comfortable.
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४७. प्रयत्नशैथिल्यानन्तसमापत्तिभ्याम् ।
47. PRAYAMA SHAITHILYA ANANTA SAMAAPATTIBHYAM
PRAYAMA: (of) effort SHAITHILYA: (by) relaxation ANANTA: (on) the 'Endless' SAMAAPATTIBHYAM: (and) by meditation
By relaxation of effort and meditation on the 'Endless' (posture is mastered).
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४८. ततो द्वन्द्वानभिघातः ।
48. TATO DVANDVA ANABHIGHAATAH
TATO: from that (mastery of posture) DVANDVA: (from pairs) of opposites ANABHIGHAATAH: no assaults.
From that no assaults from the pairs of opposites.
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४९. तस्मिन् सति श्वासप्रश्वासयोर्गतिविच्छेदः प्राणायामः ।
49. TASMIN SATI SHVAASAPRASHVAASAYOR GATI VICHCHHEDAH PRAANAAYAAM
TASMIN: on this (perfection of Aasana) SATI: having been (accomplished) SHVAASAPRASHVAASAYOR: of in-breathing and out-breathing; of inspiration and expiration GATI: (of) movement VICHCHHEDAH: cessation or break PRAANAAYAAM: (is) regulation of breath (fourth constituent part of Yoga).
This having been (accomplished) Praanaayaama which is cessation of inspiration and expiration (follows).
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५०. बाह्याभ्यन्तरस्तम्भवृत्तिः देशकालसंख्याभिः परिदृष्टो दीर्घसूक्ष्मः ।
50. BAAHY AABHYANTARA STABHAVRITTIR DESH SAMKHYAABHIH PARIDRISHTO DEERGHA SOOKHSMAH
BAAHY: outer; external AABHYANTARA: internal STABHAVRITTIR: suppressed; paralyzed; (stopped suddenly) modification DESH (by) place KAAL: time SAMKHYAABHIH: (and) number PARIDRISHTO: measured; regulated DEERGHA: prolonged SOOKHSMAH: (and) subtle; attenuated.
(It is in) external, internal or suppressed modification; is regulated by place, time and number, (and becomes progressively) prolonged and subtle.
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५१. बाह्याभ्यन्तरविषयाक्षेपी चतुर्थः ।
51. BAAHYA ABHYANTAR VISHAY AAKSEPEE CHATURTHAH
BAAHYA: external ABHYANTAR: (and) internal VISHAY: range; sphere; domain AAKSEPEE: going beyond CHATURTHAH: (is) the fourth (variety of Praanaayaama).
That Praanaayaama which goes beyond the sphere of internal and external is the fourth (variety).
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५२. ततः क्षीयते प्रकाशावरणम् ।
52. TATAH KSEEYATE PRAKAASH AAVARANAM
TATAH: then; from that KSEEYATE: dissolves; disappears PRAKAASH: (of) light AAVARANAM: covering.
From that is dissolved the covering of light.
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५३. धारणासु च योग्यता मनसः ।
53. DHAARANAASU CHA YOGYATAA MANASAH
DHAARANAASU: for (stages of) concentration CHA: and YOGYATAA: fitness MANASAH: of the mind.
And the fitness of the mind for concentration.
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५४. स्वस्वविषयासंप्रयोगे चित्तस्य स्वरूपानुकार इवेन्द्रियाणां प्रत्याहारः ।
54. SVA VISHAYA ASAMPRAYOGE CHITT SWAROOP ANUKAARA EVA INDRIYAANAM PRATYAAHAARAH
SVA: (with) their own; their respective VISHAYA: objects ASAMPRAYOGE: not coming into contact CHITT: (of) the individual mind's SVAROOP: own form; nature ANUKAARA: the imitating or functioning according to EVA: as if; like INDRIYAANAAM: by the senses PRATYAAHAARAH: abstraction (fifth constituent of Yoga).
Pratyahaara or abstraction is, as it were, the imitation by the senses of the mind by withdrawing themselves from their objects.
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५५. ततः परमा वश्यतेन्द्रियाणाम् ।
55. TATAH PARMAA VASHYAT ENDRIYAANAAM
TATAH: then; from that PARMAA: the highest; the greatest VASHYAT: mastery ENDRIYAANAAM: over the senses.
Then follows the greatest mastery over the senses.
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॥ इति पतञ्जलि विरचिते योगसूत्रे द्वितीयः साधनपादः ॥